Because the beaver isn't just an animal; it's an ecosystem!

Category: Beaver Behavior


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 Good news this morning from Idaho where folks are slowly catching on about the benefits beaver dams can bring to their land.

Beaver dam analogs catching on in Idaho

Beaver swimming above a recently built BDA; Eric Winford

GRANDVIEW — Landowners and conservation professionals are excited about a new type of woody structure that mimics beaver dams. The benefits are similar — they store water, slow down runoff in streams, and enhance fish and wildlife habitat.

They’re called Beaver Dam Analogs or BDA’s for short.

Bruneau Rancher Chris Black worked together with a number of conservation professionals to install some BDA’s on his private land on Hurry Up Creek, a tributary of Deep Creek.

I think of BDA’s as the gateway drug to actual beavers. A lot of people get excited about them that might raise an eyebrow when an actual dam appeared of its own accord. The BDA softens them up. Gives them the illusion of control. “I started this” they can say comfortingly to themselves.

BDA’s are like starter kits for beavers.

“I’ve wanted to get beaver in here for years but it is an ephemeral stream,” Black said. “There’s enough willows to make good food for them and everything, but there isn’t enough water for them to stay.”

They’ve put in about 10 structures so far, and more are planned in the future.

“They came in and put them in very successfully,” he said. “They’re backing water up, they’re creating habitat for spotted frogs, for sage grouse, for beaver.”

In fact, when the group visited the site recently, a few people got down on their hands and knees and tried to find frogs right away. Bingo! A biologist emerged with a frog in his hand.

Conservation professionals with the Governor’s Office of Species Conservation, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Idaho Fish and Game, and the Natural Resources Conservation Service are all interested in exploring the benefits of using BDA’s to improve riparian habitat and store water.

Want frogs? You need beaver. Want water? You need beaver. Say it with me now.

The emerging technology of using natural on-site woody materials to build BDAs is building popularity in Idaho and the Intermountain West. The concept was developed initially by Utah State University and Anabranch Solutions, and it’s catching on in Idaho.

“It just benefits a whole host of wildlife species and that’s why Fish and Game is really interested in this,” said Chris Yarbrough, habitat biologist for the Idaho Department of Fish and Game. “It’s a low-cost way to get a lot of bang for your conservation buck.”

We needed to figure out how to put these dollars on the ground in the best way possible, and leverage what’s already being done,” said Josh Uriarte, a project manager for the Governor’s Office of Species Conservation in Boise.

“One of the things coming up is mesic meadows, and how to improve mesic habitats, working with the different partners and agencies on how to do that. We need to be strategic in that, not just putting dollars in postage stamp-type areas, but in strategic locations.

Mesic habitat is land with an adequate water source – adequate but not saturating. Beaver meadows on the other hand were described by Ellen Wohl’s new book as similar to the surface of a “waffle iron covered with water”. Patches of saturated soil and protrusions of land seeping through. That is a hydric habitat, The most sustaining and ecologically rich type of habitat we have.

From the restoration guidebook:

Beaver dams create habitat while they are impounding water, but they continue to create habitat even after colonies are abandoned,often in the form of beaver meadows, particularly in more mesic climates

So mesic meadows can become hydric climates with the right beavers in place.

The Hawley Creek project is far more complex in many respects. With about 25 BDA’s in place, it’s been turned into a perennial stream. But the objectives of the project are similar — to improve habitat for fish and wildlife, and work toward providing season-long flows for endangered salmon, steelhead and resident fish.

By holding this water higher in the drainage, we’re not only providing habitat for native fish and anadromous fish, but we’re also providing irrigation water later in the season when they need it as well,” Bertram said.

They had a great many share holders to partner with. This entire project spread across a tapestry of ranchers, BLM land and forest land. Only someone with the patience of a saint and the vision of many beavers could have taken this on.

“At first, they were like, why are you building beaver dams? Once they saw the results, they didn’t want to go build more fence, they wanted to build more beaver dams,” Lohmeyer said.

“By slowing this water down, spreading it out, you can just see the response from the vegetation, the grass growing up, I can hear the grasshoppers in the background, passerines have just exploded, all of the wildlife species and insects have just exploded,” Bertram said. “And we’re already seeing brood-rearing sage grouse coming into this area and utilizing it in the short period we’ve been here. It’s been a huge success story for them, and I’m excited to see how the leks respond over time.”

“These meadows are like a sponge,” he said. “They take that water and they hold it, and release it slowly into the system. So we don’t get that big rush in the spring, when the springs are active, they run hard and then just dry up. Then you just have a dry meadow. With water being held back in the system, it releases slowly, and that benefits downstream users, too, so it’s a benefit for everything.”

What an epic project, with such lasting positive results! When Idaho signs on to the beaver team they certainly bring all their best tools to the table. I’m so impressed.

What we need is some folks to do this work all over California.

 


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If you were very lucky growing up, somewhere in your busy life you’ve had a grandma. great aunt. or former scout leader that was so supportive of you she or he just glowed when you lit up the room. They bragged to everyone they knew about you. They might not have been too sharp with the details of your accomplishment, whether it was graduating eighth grade or  coming in second at the science fair, but they were just so gosh darn proud of you for doing it.

This article feels a little like that. Good for Mike.

Watershed Guardians annual Beaver Dam Jam at Mink Creek

Kay Merriam of Pocatello has a Ph.D. from the University of Connecticut. She was the president of the state League of Women Voters for two years and president of the Pocatello chapter for two years as well. She was the president of the Bannock County Planning and Zoning Committee for 11 years and on the Pocatello-Chubbuck District 25 School Board for six years.

The Beavers Dam Jam at the Mink Creek Pavilion on Aug. 24 from 4 p.m. to 8 p.m. will be terrific, especially when you get into the particulars of this yearly event: live music by Better Than Nothing, food from El Caporal, a silent auction, a raffle for a boat and boating gear plus games and demonstrations, plus lots of people who, along with you, appreciate the beauty of living in the Pocatello area. Even better, this event will take place in the forest up in Mink Creek with the sound of water flowing by, the fragrance of trees and time away from the hum-drum of everyday life in town.

Mike Settell, founder of Watershed Guardians, has sponsored this event since he started it six years ago. Each year, there are different items to raffle and more fun to have. Besides, it is entertaining and held in a beautiful area. Tickets are $30 per car and the food is free (if you get there early enough to take advantage of the wonderful spread prepared). To obtain a ticket, all you need to do is call Mike Settell at 208 220 3336. It will help if you share your transportation with others to avoid a surplus of cars in the parking area at the pavilion. So, drive beyond the turn off to Scout Mountain and then watch for the pavilion on the right side of Mink Creek.

What a great job he’s doing!  Remember, this is the Idaho State Journal not the Pocatello gazette. Honestly, could she be any prouder?

Wait a minute! What is the purpose of this event? Well, it’s all about beavers and the fun you can have while acquiring more information about them. To begin, long ago, over 60 million of these rodents met explorers as they crossed this country. Now, there are fewer than 20 million. Why? Well, there was a time when explorers and or trappers saw beautiful beaver fur as ways to make elegant hats. Later, beavers were also prized as having odors to be used for making terrific perfume. Now, people are beginning to understand the true value of these animals as they change an area by cutting down trees and building ponds which are vastly helpful for diminishing storm overflow. At one time, Native Americans appreciated beavers because they provided a rich watery habitat including other mammals and birds.

In this area, there are spots along Mink creek where trapping is allowed. However, several years ago, Mr. Settell pointed out to Forest Service employees that it would be wise to change the site of these trapping spots. His suggestion was heard. But, why should beavers be appreciated? If you have noticed storm water diminishing or destroying communities, roads, agricultural lands and more as a component of climate change, beavers can be seen as natural helpers in diminishing unbridled rivers and streams in geographically suitable areas.

Yeah Mike! Yeah beavers! Yeah Kay Merriam!

It has been said on TV that “if you do nothing, you can’t be blamed.” However, when a powerful response to a large problem is presented by a citizen such as Mike Settell when he started Watershed Guardians, it is clear that doing something is far more important than doing nothing. Watershed Guardians is the only beaver conservation organization in Idaho and it is having a positive effect. While some people perhaps think of beavers at all as being cute but malicious tree choppers and or hard workers, the most credit these rodents have been given in the U.S. (beavers are the official emblem of Canada) is in quotes such as “leave it to beaver” or “busy as a beaver”. Enough is enough. Come to the Mink Creek pavilion to have fun, learn more and meet others for whom learning about and seeing the value of beavers is important.

Oh goodness. Reading Kay’s bio I’m thinking maybe the two knew each other from their years in the classroom? I think Mike used to teach science. I’m so glad that this vote of confidence came from such a visible source. I hope a thousand people carpool to your event and learn about beavers!

(I’m still marveling that apparently having a Ph.D. in Idaho  goes such a long way. Because I can’t remember the last time a reporter wrote that something had “Been said on television”. (!) Aren’t quotes usually more specifically sourced?)

Yesterday I stumbled across this moment using my own Ph.D. Yet another example of beaver nativity in california.  And yes, that Yount became the founder of Yountville you’ve all visited in the wine country.

Boy I bet he was surprised to find out CDFW once said there were no beaver in California!

Finally, here’s some wonderful underwater footage taken by Jak Wonderly (The gentleman friend of Suzi Eszterhas and an amazing photographer) of the rescued beaver in Sonoma. Look at how easy life is underwater for these swimmers.


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Well it looks like someone’s getting a nice fat grant from NOAA to help fish by helping beavers. Ain’t it funny how life works? I mean in Wisconsin you could probably get a grant for destroying beaver dams because you said it would help fish.

Location. Location. Location.

National Marine Fisheries Service grants $15 million for salmon habitat

SALEM — Oregon’s salmon and steelhead bearing streams will benefit from $15 million recently allocated by the National Marine Fisheries Service.

The Pacific Coast Salmon Recovery Fund money, along with Oregon Lottery proceeds, are granted to the state’s soil and water conservation districts and watershed councils by the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board to improve habitat for species listed on the federal Endangered Species List.

In Wheeler County, Chase Schultz, the soil and water conservation district manager, said the grants he’s received through the Watershed Enhancement Board are used to cool stream temperatures and improve water quality with streamside planting and fake beaver dams.

“Beaver dam analogs are a hot button topic,” Schultz said.

Built from untreated wooden posts driven perpendicularly into the stream and woven with willow whips, the analogs simulate a beaver dam by spreading a stream’s water out into the floodplain, benefiting adjacent wetlands, Schultz said. The analogs also increase stream flow later in the summer, slowing water down that is released longer into the summer and early fall.

The hope, Schultz said, is to create the habitat to attract beavers to move in and maintain the dams.

The best part, he said, is the dams quickly create desired results. Immediately following the 2017 installation of a dam on Bear Creek, a tributary to the lower stem of the John Day River, Schultz said water started backing up and extended a wetted reach almost 2 miles.

You know how it is. Everyone wants the popular kids to sit at their table. Sometimes you get lucky and a family of beavers moves right in and starts doing your work for free. It’s a pretty fine day when that happens, I can tell you.

There’s more good news on the beaver bandwagon because our Idaho friends will be hosting their SIXTH beaver dam jam. Wonderful!

6th annual Beaver Dam Jam to raise Money for watershed guardians

POCATELLO — The 6th annual Watershed Guardians Beaver Dam Jam to support beaver conservation will present music and other activities from 4 to 8 p.m. Aug. 24 at the Mink Creek Pavilion.

The pavilion is located in the Caribou National Forest at the Mink Creek Group Camp Site on South Mink Creek Road outside of Pocatello.

Besides live music, the event features food, a silent auction and a super raffle featuring a boat and boating gear among other items. There will be games and demonstrations.

All of Idaho should thank the heavens for sending Mike Settell to Pocatello and getting this started. He had the vision to  find friends and make this happen. It seems a very long time ago indeed that I first read about Mike getting a grant from Audubon to help in his beaver count. Now he does it with a team of volunteers in snowshoes every winter. And rocks out at the beaver dam jam every summer.

That’s a busy man!

“The event is in (a) great setting with great music and food,” said Mike Settell, founder of Watershed Guardians, the organization sponsoring this event. “We are doing this because beaver do more to help preserve healthy native fisheries than perhaps any other factor, and Watershed Guardians is the only beaver conservation organization in Idaho working to ensure they remain.”

See what I mean? Beavers seem to get the best champions.

Oh and lets throw out one more beaver shout to Jennalee Larson Naturalist Intern at Good Earth State Park in South Dakota. For some reason the Dakotas have always been smarter about beavers than lots of their neighbors. Well, mostly.

Just for Kids: SD Children in Nature

Beavers are known as ecosystem engineers. Ecosystem engineers are animals that create, change, and maintain a habitat. These animals strongly affect the other animals living there.

Beavers make small changes that can really impact their ecosystems. They create dams by removing living trees and using them as a part of the structure. Once they create their dam, a pond often forms which brings an abundant amount of new biodiversity (variety of life). Some birds are unaffected by the destruction of trees while other decline or increase in number. Because the dams create ponds, there is a wading area for birds to thrive in as well as a place to lay their eggs if a dam happened to be abandoned. Reptiles benefit as the beavers create a basking area for them on logs. They also benefit from the loss of trees because the forest then grows new early vegetation and the dam creates a slow moving water which some animals prefer. Invertebrates that prefer slow-moving water start to increase in number

Create a yummy dam out of pretzels for a snack: Use peanut butter spread, marshmallow, or chocolate spread depending on preference. Add stick pretzels to the spread of your choice. Once it is all mixed, give each kid a scoop and have them shape it into their own dam.

First let me praise your very fine attention to beavers and their impact on the environment. Good job, Jennalee. And sure, have the kids make a their own frosted dam or whatever. Mmmm disgusting.  And now that we have established our support. um, can you maybe tell me more about your idea that birds can nest in abandoned beaver dams?

I assume this means you are thinking beavers live INSIDE the dam? And if they move out birds can move in? Or are you thinking that birds can lay their eggs directly on top of the sticks in a beaver dam? I’m not sure that would work out too well, even if they didn’t get predated or roll off into the water….

 


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First a followup from yesterdays cool story about the foundation that funds flow devices. Mike Callahan says this:

Yes, his estate’s foundation has been critical in helping to fund flow device installations in western MA over the past 9 years or so. The Robert Theriot Foundation grants have been hugely successful in incentivizing towns and property owners to try nonlethal management. It has been the spark that got the ball rolling in an area that was traditionally trapping only. The grant is administered by the MA Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals which they do at their own cost. See ://www.mspca.org/animal…/berkshire-beaver-grant-funding/
In fact, this flow device grant program has been so successful that it was one of the main reasons I started the Beaver Institute. My hope is that our nonprofit can raise grant monies to incentivize flow device installations across North America! Now to find a grant funding source….. :-

Wow!

Here’s the program website.  Click on the image for the link. And think for a moment about the wonderfully small world we live in.

Now onto today’s business. I see Ben Goldfarb’s national geographic article got picked up by NatGeo Australia. So that’s gotta to be $ in his pocket. Also his book got a dynamic review from the editor of the Baker City news in Oregon. Obviously the editor feels about this book the same way the exact same way you felt about your second boyfriend in college. He’s crazy about it and  loves it more than any book he ever read and he hates himself for loving it a great deal. Over and over.

We can all understand that, right?

COLUMN: Book highlights the many benefits of beavers

I recently read a book-length ode to the beaver, and as is typical with such works I was in some passages caught up in the author’s adoration and in others a bit fatigued by his fandom.

Mostly it was the former.

This isn’t just a book-length account, but an actual book. And a fine one. Indeed I don’t recall enjoying more any book about wildlife biology and natural history that I’ve come across in the past few years.

Besides their potential to keep smaller streams from going dry — obviously a benefit for fish and other aquatic species but also potentially a boon for downstream farmers and ranchers — beavers’ constructions can also contribute to higher water tables and to lower water temperatures.

It doesn’t seem to me an exaggeration to describe beavers’ capabilities as miraculous.

And yet, by the time I reached the halfway point of Goldfarb’s book I became just slightly annoyed. Not enough to stop reading, to be sure — the story was compelling, and Goldfarb’s prose a pleasure, from start to finish.

But his constant extolling of the beaver’s virtues began to strike me as a bit of overselling. The thesis was just too pat — that the slaughter of America’s beavers in the 18th and 19th centuries, though absolutely lamentable, transformed idyllic places into wastelands, and that merely restoring their populations can cure so much of what ails our parched and eroded lands.

You see what I mean? He loves the book. LOVES it like his toes curl when he stretches out with it on the couch. But its just too darn lovable, and makes those rotten beavers, whom he also says he loves, too lovable.

The poor man is in a quandary.

I don’t mean to suggest that Goldfarb ignores the potentially problematic effects of beavers — the flooded fields and clogged culverts and submerged paths.

But it seemed to me that the author’s confidence that relatively simple, if not always cheap, solutions exist for every beaver-caused problem minimizes the reality that the world into which he — and I — hope beavers will once again thrive is quite a different place than it was when fur companies were decimating the populations.

I understand that some people think of that bygone era as not only different but better. Yet even if you consider as scars the roads and cultivated fields and homes and parking lots that replaced beaver ponds, it is not realistic to act as though these things are unimportant.

I know I know. You thought when I alluded to that tempestuous romance of your college years I was joking or exaggerating in that way I sometimes do. But no. He’s honest to god in a classic approach-avoidance conflict with this book, and possibly with Ben himself. Scouts honor.

There is of course nothing wrong with passion. Indeed it is often an admirable quality, one that encourages so many of us to do good work in the world.

This is a man pulling on his jeans in the morning and thinking maybe things went too far. I recognize the signs.

But I am ever suspicious of the mixture of hyperbole and simplicity that sometimes accompanies passion. Which is to say I’m skeptical of anyone who boasts of all but universal solutions to vexing and complex problems — which, after all, is what very many problems are.

At this point he goes on to describe two similar situations that people get passionate about but are kind of meaningless. He stops just short of mentioning that girl he let get away. There’s nothing wrong with passion. It’s just TOO passionate.

And although I both appreciate and largely share his excitement about what beavers can do for mankind, I believe I would have enjoyed his book even a bit more if was a trifle less breathless in its affinity for the wondrous rodents.

The problem Ben is that you are too positive about the positive thing you’re talking about! He needs more doubt and negativity in his gospel! You’re a trifle too breathless for the man. You need to breathe more. Breathe more.

Something tells me that this man didn’t breathe a whole lot while he was reading. He’s an editor and it shocked and shamed him to read such remarkable prose. You are the writer he always dreamed of being.

No wonder he’s not sure whether he loves you or hates you.

Finally a last visit to our good friend Leopold Kanzler in Austria, who posted this luscious photo of mutual grooming this morning and called it “Die Umarmung” or”The hug”,

Mutual Grooming Click here to watch our beavers “Hugging”.


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Admit it. You need this. We all do.

How crazy cute is that? This entire thing should come with a warning label. You can tell even that vet who handles baby sloths and baby cheetahs is like, jesus christ this kit is CUTE. Must pick up again! My favorite shot might be the snoozing parents at the end. They look so mellow.  “Yeah, great, take the brat off our hands for a while so we can catch up on our beauty sleep. Perfect.

Although, I admit, I’m surprised to see a beaver sleeping on his back. Who knew?

The entire argument is relevant at the moment because a Derek Gow recently mentioned that there were photographs of a beaver burying a dead kit and a discussion of whether this meant the mother was mourning or just discouraging predation, so of course I asked to see the photos and Derek introduced me to Angus Christof of the Beaver mapping program in Switzerland,

Some of his researchers viewed a beaver give birth to live kits and then deliver a stillborn kit which she proceeded to bury. He thoughtfully speculated that this may have something to do with mourning and prepared a excellent educational poster of the incident with references. I’m not sure I can share it yet, but I will summarize something of our conversation. He thought predation and disease might play a factor but also loss.

My thoughts – based on being quite possibly the woman who adores beavers the most on the entire planet and credits them with extraordinary powers in almost every way – my thoughts are that beavers do not mourn like humans do. My observations about beavers over the years watching family members react to kit death or adult death or new birth and remarriage is that beavers are enormously pragmatic. They engage when the member is there. And they disengage when the member is dead or dying.

Actually it is one of the things I love best about them. Their  adaption to new situations and carrying on. Whether that means taking branches off the lodge to reinforce a dam in crisis, or stopping in the middle of repairs to munch a tasty branch. Beavers are unflappable.

I thought of our young kits in 2010r and of the most affectionate display I ever saw when this kit was anticipating his sick mother coming closer to him before she had gotten very ill. He lifted up his tail in joy or greeting like a dog. It is the only time we have ever observed this particular behavior. It still makes me cry to watch it. He obviously wasn’t getting enough from her and thrilled about the idea that he would soon get her attention.

Kit raises tail from Heidi Perryman on Vimeo.

But even as attached as those kits were to their mom, in the next few days, as mom got sicker, and stopped going into the lodge and clearly wasn’t eating, the entire family just moved on. They stopped interacting with her or seeking her out. They went about their business being beavers and just left her alone. 

To us that were wracked with grief at the time over losing mom it appeared indifferent, but I understand in retrospect it was purely pragmatic. I think to their minds, (and to ours if we had been able to face it), she was already gone. The mother was gone even though she was still there. They didn’t dwell in the past or panic about the future, they just moved on.

I’m going to show you how they moved on and how essentially pragmatic it was. These clips are taken the night mom died and show a kit, approaching a yearling who had never taken much interest in parenting, and the way that their relationship is changing. I think the strongest proof of beavers handling this differently than humans do is that through the entire 4 part scene you can year the camera-woman (me) weeping in the background like a sentimental fool while their interaction is much more real life compelling. At one point the kit whines, which must trigger some kind of response in the yearling because he is much softened by the last scene.

Beavers move on.

1st approach from Heidi Perryman on Vimeo.

2nd approach from Heidi Perryman on Vimeo.

3rdattempt with whining from Heidi Perryman on Vimeo.

Kit is adopted from Heidi Perryman on Vimeo.

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