Because the beaver isn't just an animal; it's an ecosystem!

Month: September 2019


My goodness. They say when it rains it pour and boy-oh-boy they ain’t kidding, Yesterday a new Ben-terview dropped and the National Wildlife Federation posted another story about the Clark-fork coalition. I’m spoiled for choice, so I choose this. Almost entirely good news except for that one stupid part. See if you can spot it. Grr.

Good PR for Beavers

A pilot project in western Montana shows how people and beavers can coexist

Beaver dams hold water and recharge aquifers. They slow down water in small streams, which in turn reduces erosion, improves water quality, and helps expand riparian areas. Their ponds create diverse habitat to support fish, birds, amphibians, and mammals. As Montana and the West face a hotter and drier future, more beavers on our landscapes may be just what we need.

But beavers have a bad reputation for creating some problems for humans. Beavers mean trouble if they damage or cut down valuable landscape trees. If they dam culverts the resulting impounded waters can wash out a road, and if they block irrigation ditches the water can flood a farmer’s fields. What happens next is usually not good for the beavers, but trapping and killing nuisance beavers seldom provides permanent nor useful solutions. That’s why we believe there’s a better way.

The National Wildlife Federation and its partners, the Clark Fork Coalition and Defenders of Wildlife, recently launched a 6-month pilot project to test and demonstrate techniques that allow beavers to stay on the landscape while simultaneously solving the problems they can cause.

Oh this sounds good. Letting beaver stay on the landscape using actual techniques that solve the problem! I’m all ears!

The pilot project is run by Elissa Chott. As the new Beaver Technician at the Clark Fork Coalition, she brings years of experience addressing conflicts between bears and people. Elissa’s job is to find places where beavers are causing problems within the Clark Fork River Basin in western Montana. She works with landowners, county road crews, state parks and wildlife managers, and conservation partners to show how beaver damage can be minimized by installing a few simple devices.

Starting with one of the most basic nuisances that beavers are known for, the project aims to address the problem of beavers chewing through trees that provide a host of benefits to the land and communities. One solution is to wrap the trees with cylinders of heavy wire that beavers can’t chew through. This protects the trees and beavers turn to other vegetation for their food and building supplies.

Example of tree wrapping. Photo by Jay Sturger

Another common problem occurs when beavers dam a culvert, and the rising water floods or washes out a road. A solution to this is constructing a fence that prevents beavers from accessing the culvert; one version of this approach bears the trademarked name “Beaver Deceiver.” Beavers try to build dams wherever they sense running water, but if they can be kept far away from that stimulus, they don’t bother. A 40-50 foot-long fence constructed in front of a culvert’s upstream opening does the trick. The fence is shaped like a trapezoid, so even if beavers try to dam the fence near the culvert, the shape of the fence forces them further and further away from the sound of the water, until eventually they give up.

Elissa! Excellent to meet you!  I can’t think of a more valuable resource than a beaver technician that teaches folks to solve problems! Except this makes me really queasy.

Beyond in-stream structures, researchers from Utah have been experimenting with simple white sheets or flags erected at a culvert to deter beavers. One enterprising Gallatin Valley farm family has even used an inflatable “scary clown” at a bridge where their otherwise-welcome beavers were blocking water and flooding their road. (“When the Beavers Met Bozo” is an amusing photo story, if not a definitive guide to controlling beaver activity.)

In addition to trying proven techniques that work, we thought we’d try made up ridiculous efforts that just look like we’re trying! I mean that 25,000 from USDA doesn’t last forever.

Seriously? Seriously? Just. Stop. It.

In addition to causing problems at manmade “pinch points” such as culverts and bridges, beaver ponds can overflow into farm fields or flood roads and other developed areas. In these cases, a device called a pond leveler can help. Pond levelers act like the overflow drain in a sink. A flexible pipe, submerged in the beaver pond drains the backed-up water to a desired height. The water is released on the downstream side of the beaver dam. The pipe’s intake is surrounded by a cylinder of wire fencing that keeps the beavers too far away to hear the water flowing into it, so they don’t try to fix the “leak.”

Here in Montana, Elissa Chott finds that, “Most landowners I’ve talked to are willing to live with beavers as long as they don’t cause a lot of damage or flooding.” Perhaps the chances are good that beavers will also become more accepted as ways to coexist are better understood.

Well that’s better. NO SHEETS, Why on earth do people think that something that frightens beavers for part of a single night is going to STOP them from doing work on their most important work every other night that follows?

If I live to be a thousand years old I will always, always HATE THE SHEET.

Now you’re all invited to a lovely audio Ben-terview which actually had some different kinds of questions. The audio’s not the best, but we learn the exciting tidbit that Ben recently got a dog, aptly named “Kit”. Awwww.

The vital role of beavers in enriching and strengthening our ecosystems (Interview with Ben Goldfarb of Eager)

 


How did you enjoy your two-day beaver lull? I got to catch you up on all the minutia while there was nothing much to talk about. Well I hope you appreciated the break in beaver news. Because it’s over, Gone with the wind. Whooosh!

Wood chips fly at Elwha River as beavers make a comeback

The intertwined lives of beaver and salmon emerging here is one more sign that the ecosystem-scale restoration of the Elwha, with the world’s largest-ever dam removal project, begun in 2011 and completed in 2014, is taking hold.

While salmon have always been the marquee species of this recovery, as the river from the mountains to the sea returns to a more natural state, all sorts of other animals also are benefiting, including beavers.

Not just creatures of fresh water, beavers also have an important place in the newly emerging habitat at the mouth of the Elwha and its tidally influenced floodplain, and juicy marshes and swamps, bristling with native cattails and sedge.

Don’t you just love a good story about a place that is happy to see beavers back? There just aren’t enough of them though, because we’ve read about the Elwha before.

Thought to be only freshwater animals, Greg Hood discovered beavers were using the tidal shrub zone. These wetlands were among the first to be diked, drained and filled nearly out of existence in Puget Sound country as the region developed. But a place that is just terrific habitat for tidal beavers. Not a new species, but rather beavers making their living in a place where people did not expect them.

In the Skagit, just as in the Elwha, the beavers were making dams that created pools that nurtured salmon — and kept predators at bay. Herons that prey on baby salmon can’t navigate a landing in the pools. And the pools create a nurturing, food-rich environment for the fish.

He learned densities of young salmon were five times greater in the pools than areas of the estuary without them. What emerged from his work was a new understanding of a relationship between rivers, salmon and beavers that had been entirely forgotten, in a kind of “ecological amnesia” — his beautiful phrase.

Well. now we wouldn’t exactly say Greg discovered tidal beavers, because they were living right here in Martinez all along, but it’s really good to bring the kind of data that will make people believe it happens. And salmon is the magic want when it comes to accepting beavers, I can tell you!

I’m especially glad when newspapers are forced to spend their time making an amazing beaver graphic. Aren’t you?

There’s more on relocating beaver for the tulalip tribes again, but we’ll catch up on that tomorrow. I thought I’d just end by sharing this amazing artwork I found from someone calling themselves mammalmadness.

 

 


Many many moons ago, the Martinez Beavers were contacted by a producer for Scott Pelley on CBS, She was interested in filming our beavers and coming out to do a segment. Sounds wonderful right? It would have been a game changer for our story and for urban beavers everywhere. I saved her email and we kept in touch. Alas it got delayed, rescheduled, bumped down the road and then in 2015 all the kits died. Scott Pelley lost his job and we lost our beavers and it never ever happened.

Sigh. Urban beavers and Martinez could have been BIG.

Well CBS finally got their beavers, and its such beautiful footage I don’t even mind that it wasn’t ours.

Nature up close: Beavers, the master engineers

One of the first places we discovered in the Tetons 45 years ago was Schwabacher Landing, a beautiful spot on a branch of the Snake River where people would launch boats to fish and float the Snake. It is a popular spot for Teton sunset shots and the occasional wedding. (We’ve seen two weddings there recently. A note to brides: The ground is all dirt, no pavement. High, spiky heeled shoes are not a good idea!)

They don’t launch boats there now, because this branch is now almost completely cut off from the main river and no longer gets enough water to float a boat. That seems really strange to me, that I’ve have lived long enough to see a river change course.

Not only has the river changed, but beavers have changed Schwabacher as well. When we first saw it, there was just one huge beaver dam. It was well over 50 yards long and it was so wide we walked on it with ease. It used to be one of the photographer’s favorite places to come to get a nice reflection of the Tetons in the beaver pond.

Of course! Now everyone has a picture of beaver tongues. It’s become so yesterdays news,Judy. But I like the other stuff. It’s first class!

That long dam is gone, too. Several generations of beavers ate all the willows, aspens and cottonwoods in that area. Once they had nothing to eat, they disappeared years ago. Then, spring floods destroyed their dam. Now the willows and cottonwoods have re-grown, and new beavers moved in. Their dam blueprints were different from past generations’, because the current residents have created a series of 10 dams and two lodges, instead of the former one big dam and lodge.

As they built the newer dams, the beavers created a series of ponds – perfect habitat for trout, ducks, muskrats, moose and frogs, as well as willows and cottonwoods. Beavers are a keystone species because without them many of the above species would not be able to survive there. They literally create habitat for those organisms. Just like an arch will collapse without its keystone, if a keystone species disappears, so do many of the plants and animals that survive in the habitat they create.

Nicely done! That’s what I call giving credit where credit is due. Of course they deserve high praise for building and maintaining 10 dams at once. I especially love how if you watch the video you can see the path the beavers take over the dam is well worn. The Gap! Just like we had in Martinez! Come to think of it, before the beavers built the secondary dams we didn’t have one. Maybe its a byproduct of all the upkeep they have to do?

Beavers are fascinating to watch, especially the babies. They are perfectly capable of diving down and getting their own lunch (willow branches that adult beavers store at the bottom of the pond), but some seem to prefer begging, or even stealing from their elders.

In the last few years the adults have cut down all of the willows close to their dams and lodges, so they must go downstream a good ways to get more. Eventually they will eat all the willows in the area and will have to move. But in the meantime we will enjoy them going about their busy lives collecting willow, taking willows back to their lodge, reinforcing their dams, and slapping their tails on the water when they aren’t happy.

Ahh Judith, we could be friends. Any woman who spends hours and years watching beavers and learning about them is already a friend of mine! Thanks for reminding us so pleasantly of  of the many happy hours we spent at the dam, watching beavers work or chew or groom or do things that seemed mysterious but made sense later on.

I’m sure I learned more from watching than I ever learned from reading.


There has been time to kill lately. For some reason the mad gush of good beaver news has slowed a little and since it’s still too early for the fall rush on flooding fears, there’s been mercifully little to occupy the waking beaver brain. Which means I got to tweak the final touches on my talk next week at Rossmoor. I spoke there once ages ago, but Brian Murphy asked me to come back after enjoying my Audubon presentation last March, so I’ll do my best. This time will be especially fun because in addition to Cheryl bringing her mother to the audience that day, my own mother will be there. (First time she had to listen to the beaver story in 13 years so I hope it goes okay!) It will be at the swanky state-of-the art Peacock theater there, and then be broadcast on their closed circuit TV for people who are bed ridden or can’t make can learn about beavers. Of course I never turn down the offer to talk about our flat-tailed friends when there’s an expert tech waiting in the wings to make things flow smoothly.

Wish me luck!

I also found time to play with a new WordArt and or logo. I’m pretty sure beavers deserve all the best words. Make sure you scroll over them so you can see the words pop up. What do you think, did I forget anything?

 

You’d be surprised how not-thrilled many many people were with my killjoy response to yesterdays trapping news. People that you would expect to know better but who sadly had their heads turned by the alluring headline. Of course I wrote all the reporters and sent them the information showing the numbers of beavers killed by depredation versus trapping every year. Not a sole wrote me back.

Go figure. Sometimes people just want something to be a victory and won’t stop celebrating long enough to look at the facts. I get it.

Good news came later in the day from author Ben Goldfarb who was sent another very appreciative letter by a new reader of his fantastic book. The letter writer was also a biology instructor who sent a photo of a valued treasure.

Its from a series of plates celebrating various national parks. The Yosemite plate shows two beavers in the Merced River with Half Dome in the background! I am biology faculty at Cal State Stanislaus where one of my colleague’s heroes is Joseph Grinnell- I had to tell him about Grinnell’s beaver miscalculation. Great book.

Got that? Not only is this an enormously cool bowl from the national parks plates, but this professor LOVED telling his colleague about Grinnell’s error that our research demonstrated.

Ben’s excellent writing has tiptoed into so many important minds!

Yesterday there was a delivery at the door  with a very very sealed box from China of 100 magnifying glasses!  Assuming this all works I think they’ll be very popular next year.

The idea of course is that kids put together animal footprint cards with their correct species to identify the suspects, and then come to me when the “Case of the missing salmon” is solved to get their very own.

 

 

 

BEAVER FESTIVAL XVI

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