Because the beaver isn't just an animal; it's an ecosystem!

Month: February 2020


You know and I know that beaver dams are good for lots of things. Fires and floods and drought and salmon and nitrogen. But at its most basic level beaver dams are also passage ways for a myriad of creatures that otherwise would be unwilling to cross the water. We’ve seen  house cats and opossums pick their way across in Martinez. And many a photographer has benefited from this wildlife highway. Some with more skill than others.

Camera trap photographer captures stunning wildlife images

TETTEGOUCHE STATE PARK — Ryan Pennesi has a favorite spot in this North Shore park where he hit the jackpot with wildlife sightings. Well, not sightings so much as trappings. And not trapping like grab the animal by the leg but camera traps, a fancy name for a fancier version of the ever-popular trail camera.

In that one spot Pennesi’s camera captured deer, wolves, coyotes, red fox, gray fox, snowshoe hare, ruffed grouse, squirrels and a badger.

Remote cameras are getting very popular, and more and more complex. Check out the pine marten. We almost never get to see them anymore.

In 2013 and 2014, when he worked at Wolf Ridge Environmental Learning Center near Finland, Pennesi would ask the students to form a hypothesis about what animal lived in a certain burrow in the ground, or what animal was visiting a specific tree or leaving a track. Then they would put up a trail camera and wait for the visual confirmation.

“They make a really good teaching tool,’’ Pennesi said of trail cameras. “The students like the technology and the photos pull them into the natural world, to wildlife.”

Seeing the students’ reaction inspired Pennesi to experiment with trail cameras. He’s also worked to improve his traditional (hand-held, in-person) photography skills with help from renowned Twin Cities-based nature photographer Benjamin Olson.

About five years ago Pennesi began to dabble in homemade camera traps using high-end digital cameras, remote flashes, a passive infrared motion/heat sensor hardwired to the camera’s shutter and a hard, waterproof camera case. He uses wide-angle lenses — between 10 to 35 mm — that can take in a wider field of view, a little more forgiving when you don’t know exactly where your subject is going to show up.

Ryan has some excellent advise for trackers-turned-wildlife photographers.

Water is often a magnet for wildlife. Logs laying across streams (in open water season) are remarkably well used. Beaver dams are like freeways for critters looking to cross ponds and streams.

Well actually, Ryan, beaver dams are are than freeways. They’re more like the office and housing complex around freeways too, and the reason wildlife is crossing in the first place. If it weren’t for that ‘freeway’ lots of the wildlife wouldn’t be there at all.

Beavers look forward to your thank you note, Ryan.


The world is buzzing this morning about the release of the five year scientific study of the River Otter beavers. It is a solid piece of beaver science and deserves to be followed high and low .The report has a great executive summary for the lazy reporters that can’t be bothered to read.

The effect of beaver engineering and feeding has delivered significant ecological benefits with new areas of wetland habitat created and managed, with documented benefits for amphibians, wildfowl and water voles. The changes in scrub canopy structure and increased water levels have enhanced a wetland County Wildlife Site. There have been no measurable impacts on any statutory designated sites

You don’t say? I received several emails about this report, people who have been waiting for the science to weigh in and hoping it will tip the scales.

 Impacts of beaver dams on fish populations and habitats have been studied…total abundance in the beaver pool was 37% higher than the other three reaches surveyed, with highest total fish biomass and more trout than in either the upstream or downstream control sites. The shallow, swift-flowing conditions created where a previous beaver dam had washed away, provided good habitat for juvenile trout which were abundant. During the survey there was a notable reduction in bullhead in the beaver pool, whilst the number of minnow and lamprey were markedly greater in comparison with the other reaches.

There are even documented accounts of fish passage over the beaver dams. Not that science really changes minds but it surely helps.

A summary of the quantifiable cost and benefits of beaver reintroduction demonstrates that the ecosystem services and social benefits accrued are greater than the financial costs incurred.

Maybe I’m an old cynic. Maybe I’ve just been doing this too long. Maybe I didn’t get enough sleep last night, but that strikes me as funny. Not laugh out loud funny, but that kind of bitter laughter you grin through your teeth when Sisyphus makes his grueling path up the mountain, sweating bullets groaning in pain and barely saving his own life,  while the uncursed pipsqueak at the top of the hill remarks helpfully

“That looks really hard. Have you ever thought about using a smaller boulder?”

Maybe its the fact that I started my morning following a quote from a Minnesota trappers forum that was remarking on the ‘beavers in Ben’s saltwater’ article. One reader scoffed dismissively and said:

“That article is full of bunk. As soon as they referred to these “keystone species” as helpful for spawning salmon by creating ponds for them, I tuned out. The first thing fishery biologists do to improve a stream for spawning salmon is to get rid of the beavers. They have done this in the Western states in attempts to save endangered salmon species (subspecies).

The thing is, in Minnesota and Wisconsin, he’s not wrong. The fish and wildlife folks there do believe strongly that beaver dams ruin things for fish. They believe that the beaver population is higher than its EVER been and killing them is the ONLY thing that can help save the waning fish population. They have their own research to prove it and do not care what anyone else says.

You can lead a horse to water, but you can’t make it THINK. The beaver argument isn’t really about insufficient data. Just ask the climate scientists.

It’s about the self-interest of those affected, which will never, ever run out. Self interest is our only renewable resource. The fishermen who are worried about easy access. The fossil fuel industry who wants to make as much money as they can for as long as they can; The farmer who wants his field unflooded so he can use every acre of his land.

No matter how good the beaver science is, there will always be reasons not to want them.

Which bring us to this friday’s CDFG meeting in Sacramento. You might remember back November we talked about a proposed rule change for beaver depredation filed by the environmental action firm E.P.I.C. who argued that since beavers were so good for California in so many ways that depredation permits should require that the party tried some non-lethal measure first.

The proposed regulations would impact the 700+ beavers killed each year because of conflict with the human environment, and would require individuals to exhaust non-lethal methods to deter or diminish conflict before a permit could be issued that would allow their lethal removal. It further codifies federal law prohibiting the removal of beavers if that removal would harm a species protected by the Endangered Species Act.  

At the time I called it a shot across the bow, and noted that all big changes start somewhere. I also observed that cosigners of the action included OAEC and Center for Biological Diversity but that for some reason Worth A Dam was not approached on the matter.

Well, far be it from me to resent good deeds just because I wasn’t invited, but the rule change is on the calendar for friday and Tom wrote yesterday saying that it seems like a very long way to drive for a three minute comment. And the other named parties can’t be there either.  Too bad. To my way of thinking you shouldn’t fire across the bow unless you’re prepared to follow thru. You can’t swing at the king a miss, right?

Or to put it in terms CDFW can understand. You can’t miss the bear.

Well here it is on the agenda for friday’s calendar. In addition to adding a hunting season for ravens and magpies. The recommendation from their staff is to let DFW decide. Which is bureau speak for saying, please don’t make us say anything nice about beavers, okay? Can’t this be someone else’s problem?

Since you come from Galilee then you need not come to me.

 

 

 


England just isn’;t sure beavers fit onto their landscape anymore, but all indications point in their favor. I don’t know what they’re expecting. A golden sword rising from the misty lake to show they belong? Maybe.

Wild beavers reduce flood risk and boost wildlife, study finds

Beavers living wild on an English river have reduced the risk of flooding for local people and boosted wildlife, a five-year trial has found.

The aquatic mammals living on the River Otter in Devon have caused some localised problems for several landowners, but these could be addressed successfully with “active management”, the study said.

Other wildlife, including fish, water voles, amphibians and birds, have benefited from the presence of the beavers living on the river and creating new habitat.

The findings are the culmination of a five-year study of the first licensed release of beavers into the wild in England since they were hunted to extinction more than 400 years ago.

It found the wild beavers on the south Devon river provided more benefits to people and the landscape than the costs they caused.

Good lord. Who among us could make the same claim. Have YOU ever solved more problems than you caused? Have I? Well I guess England is a mean judge of character. Because they’re backing this claim up with data.

Research by the team of scientists, overseen by Professor Richard Brazier from the University of Exeter, found they are providing benefits to people, including in the flood-prone community of East Budleigh.

Beavers have constructed six dams upstream of the village, which have measurably and significantly reduced peak flood flows through the community, the report said.

Evidence from another trial in north Devon, where beavers in an enclosure have built 13 dams and ponds, shows they also play a role in filtering soil, manure, slurry and fertilisers from farmland.

Despite concerns that beaver dams might affect fish populations, the research found that in the pools created by damming the streams there were 37% more fish than in comparable stretches of the river with no dams.

Get the hell out! 37% More fish in beaver ponds?  It’s almost like putting a percent sign next to an actual fact makes it sound MORE true. (4 out of 5 dentists recommend sugarless gum for their patients who chew gum sort of thing). There are more fish in beaver ponds. 37% more. We counted and did the stats. Now do you believe us?

Devon Wildlife Trust’s Mark Elliott, who leads the River Otter Beaver Trial, said “I think we’ve all been surprised by these amazing animals’ ability to thrive, once again, in our wetland ecosystems.

“It also shows their unrivaled capacity to breathe new life into our rivers and wetlands, very few of which are in good health.”

Unrivaled the right word, Mark. What they do has never been done by anyone else. Nobody does it better. No one else even comes close. Let beavers do their jobs and if you want to count up those jobs on your little clipboards go right ahead.

Excuse me. I feel a song coming on.

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Tomorrow is President’s day and it mostly seems like we don’t even have one. I’ve been so grumpy lately I figured I might not be the only one. I thought we might need cheering, so here’s a good news story that’s sure to please.

Final batch of fishers reintroduced in habitat near Darrington

UPDATE: Four fishers were released  Thursday afternoon and “ran away really well” into habitat around Bedal Campground, about 15 miles southeast of Darrington, said Jeff Lewis, lead biologist on the program with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife.  

The new animals are Neville (juvenile male), Katie (juvenile female), Kendra (adult female), and Niffler (large adult male).

Hey you know what’s really good at making fisher habitat? Of course you already guessed the answer. Beavers!

Yesterday I came across this willow fairy print and was so happy to think beavers live lives surrounded by this kind of beauty. Of course beavers are the original Willow Fairy, but this has to be a close second.


This world is getting spurts of beaver good news at a steady clip. In 10 days the first East Coast Beaver conference gets underway a mere few weeks later Santa Cruz will get it’s own beaver-heavy version of the 38th ever salmonid conference with some superstars of its own. Don’t believe me?

Low-Tech Process-Based Restoration with Beaver and Wood: Jump-Starting Structurally Starved Streams

Eli Asarian, Riverbend Sciences
Elijah Portugal, California Department of Fish and Wildlife
Joseph Wheaton, Utah State University

The scale and severity of river impairment globally cannot be meaningfully addressed solely using traditional hard-engineering restoration approaches. This workshop will be an opportunity to share recent developments in the evolving science and practice of low-tech process-based restoration (LT-PBR) of riverscapes. LT-PBR is the practice of adding low unit-cost wood and beaver dams to riverscapes to mimic functions and initiate specific processes that improve river habitats. Dr. Joseph Wheaton (Utah State University) will lead the morning portion of the workshop, providing an introduction to the LT-PBR restoration approach and case-study examples from recent and ongoing LT-PBR projects primarily from outside of California.

How’s that for impressive! Just a few counties away and all the best minds gathered to discuss.

Introduction to the Low-Tech Process-Based Restoration of Riverscapes Design Manual
Joe Wheaton, Utah State University

Temperature, Hydrological and Fish-Passage Impacts of beaver-based stream restoration: Hypotheses, Models and Data and the Way Forward with Low Tech Process Based Restoration
Chris Jordan, NOAA/NMFS/Northwest Fisheries Science Center

Riparian Vegetation and Stream Channel Response to Meadow Restoration using Synthetic Beaver Dams in Childs Meadow, California
Kristen Wilson, The Nature Conservancy

California’s First Beaver Dam Analogues (BDAs) – What Half a Decade Has Taught Us
Charnna Gilmore, Scott River Watershed Council 

Four Years of Process-based Restoration at Doty Ravine
Damion Ciotti, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Shinn Ranch: PBR the hard way
Kevin Swift, Swift Water Design

Beaver Dam Analog Design, Construction, and Performance on the Trinity River California
John Bair, McBain Associates

Beaver Restoration Planning and Implementation in California: Tools and Case Studies
Kate Lundquist, Occidental Arts and Ecology Center WATER Institute

Beaver (Castor Canadensis) of the Salinas River: A Human Dimensions-Inclusive Overview for Assessing Landscape-Scale Beaver-Assisted Restoration Opportunities
Stuart Suplik, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo – Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences Dept.

Of course you wanna be there. We all wanna be there. Mostly I want the head of CDFG to be there. And the Governor. But okay. I settle for several really smart people.

And this photo, which was reported on the Colorado news last night. Because its February. And we know what happens in February.

Police in Colorado block traffic to protect a beaver

Tell me that policeman will ever pose with anything that makes him look cuter. I dare you.

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