Because the beaver isn't just an animal; it's an ecosystem!

Tag: USDA


Table G. Animals Taken by Component/Method Type and Fate by Wildlife Services in California – FY 2009

Firearms: 382
Neck Snares: 372
Foot hold traps: 9
Spot light: 2
body gripping traps: 501
Cage traps: 16
Suitcase traps: 15

Total Beavers Killed by USDA in 2009: 1297

California used the USDA to kill about twice the average number of beavers in 2009. Go here to see the stats for yourself and substitute the “CA” in the address for  any abbreviation to get the stats for that particular state. This is about what I’d expect but more shooting of beavers than I would have thought. I wasn’t sure about “Spotlight” as a technique so I went and found this horrifically descriptive article.  It sounded at first like there might be some kind of disorienting effect from the light (which we haven’t seen) but it turns out it just helps with aim. Apparently it refers to identifying the lodge and shining a spotlight on the beavers when they come out so you can see more clearly how see to shoot them. I’ll spare you any more grisly details.

Leonard Houston, who is collaborating with SURCP and the Cow Creek Band of the Umpqua Indian Tribe to organize the beaver conference in Oregon next week (!) sends this email about beaver deaths and APHIS in Oregon. He graciously agreed to let me post it as a guest blog. Brace yourselves.

Although APHIS counts some 700 beavers dealt with annually per state, they also estimate that this is probably 50% or less than what are actually killed,  so we could double their number and add between 3000 to 5000 animals which are trapped for pelts and recreation in States supporting active populations and suddenly one years kill exceeds the beaver population of any given State.

Most States conservatively place their beaver populations between 30 and 60 thousand animals, these are the States with what is considered sustainable populations and are therefore not concerned by over-trapping or lethal management.  The president of the Oregon Trappers Association tells us that trappers across Oregon and especially the Willamette Valley have stopped trapping beavers due to rapid decline in population. He is more concerned with WHAT (not who) is killing our beavers – shrinking habitat, chemical contaminants from pesticides and herbicides and a negative perception of the animal all contribute greatly to population decline.

Any way I don’t mean to ramble just wanted to encourage you, this article hits the nail squarely on the HEAD.

Leonard and Lois Houston
Beaver Advocacy Committee
(541)825-3008
beavers@surcp.org
Thousands have lived without love,
Nothing lives without water.

I promise, only good news tomorrow. We saw GQ last night and I have three new theories about our beavers to share with you. Stay tuned!



Oh beautiful, for damless streams
For culverts flowing free.
For cotton wood and alder rights
Don’t let them eat a tree!
America, America!
Kills beavers by the score
30,000 fine in 2009
And this year they’ll be more.

 

 

 

Reader GTK sent me this today. It’s the USDA death stats by species for the entire country. The entry for beavers reads that 27,289 were killed in 39 states. For mammals, beaver deaths trail only Coyotes and feral pigs. Can you believe that? Only a Coyote or wild pig is less popular than a beaver! 700 beavers in each state, about 100 colonies, less in some and lots more in others. And mind you, this doesn’t count local trappers when land owners  can’t be bothered to bring in the feds or grandpa goes out with a shot gun.

If Martinez had killed our beavers by hiring a trapper that statistic wouldn’t even  be part of the 27,289. After following beaver death stories for four years I would say that USDA is involved in less the 1 out of every ten cases I read, and there are probably five cases for everyone that makes it into the paper. That means its not a stretch to guess that the US kills more than a half million beavers a year. And this happens routinely in states with droughts and salmon shortages and wildlife loses and erosion problems and states without adequate wetlands.

There are 11 states that didn’t use USDA to kill beavers in 2009. Some of them are probably just flukes. Hawaii has no beavers and doesn’t really count. For some of them like Alaska and Montana we have to assume they just killed them themselves and didn’t bother USDA. With others, like Vermont and New Hampshire, we can guess our friend Skip Lisle had something to do with it.  I’m not sure I have any hypotheses about West Virginia but I’d be very interested in yours. Mostly it just means that beaver advocates have a LOT of work to do in the coming years.

I just want to say one more thing about this chart. Over the years I’ve given USDA a fairly hard time, what with the beavers and the acorn woodpeckers and the bird shooting on Christmas near the airport. I have come to realize, in my learning curve of beaver advocacy, that there are truly good wildlife-loving souls working for large beaver-killing agencies and that you shouldn’t judge a book by its cover. I try to give USDA the benefit of the doubt, and not act stunned that the trapping of 27.289 beavers is considered ‘euthanization’.  (Were they all in pain?) But LOOK at the fourth column in this chart. “Relocated/Destroyed.”

I don’t know about you, but where I come from those two concepts are really, really different. (Although I guess if the federal government doesn’t recognize the distinction it might help explain the FEMA response to Katrina victims).

Come to think of it, I changed my mind. There is absolutely nothing redeeming about the USDA. I can’t spend 5 minutes on their website without getting physically sick to my stomach. I just stumbled upon the regulations for pain levels in experimental animals (not counting mice and birds mind you) and was completely horrified.


Okay I’ve been biding my time to tell hard core beaver fans about the VERY EXCITING DEVELOPMENT this weekend in identifying the historic range of beavers in California. This is a rarefied topic I know, not of obvious interest to everyone, but it matters because beavers all over are routinely killed with the justification “well they’re not native anyway”.(See Kings Beach). A very important historic paper by Tappe has been quoted by every possible source saying that beavers weren’t native over 1000 feet. We want to verify whether this is true.

Imagine how excited I was to meet Barry Hill this weekend at the Flyway Festival. He’s a regional hydrologist for the USDA working out of Vallejo. One of his jobs is to verify the activity of historical beavers so that meadow restoration can be justified by the US forestry service. (Meadows are linked to the soil deposits of old beaver dams.)

So in his research he came across an archeologist who was doing some digging near Feather River, Northern California, 4500 feet elevation. He now works with the Bureau of Indian Affairs in Oregon. Well his excavations included an old beaver dam which he had the foresight to have carbon-dated. Are you sitting down?

It was 750 years old.

The archeologist was interested in writing a paper on this find, but wanted a co-author. I said I’d be happy to introduce him to several, and Barry wrote me monday that we can organize a conference call on this topic for March.

Flyway Festival > Birds > USDA > Soil > Archeology > Beaver Dams > Worth A Dam.

How’s that for connections!


I excitedly opened my July issue of Mt Diablo Audubon Society Newsletter: The Quail to check on whether the beaver article I had written had been included. I wanted to spend the morning talking about the delightful connections I had made with audubon since speaking there, but I found that the same issue is plastered with horrific woodpecker headlines that I simply can’t avoid discussing this morning. The beaver story is a bright spot on a very dark horizon, and one that deserves our attention.

When we last visited the story I had told you that the mutuals in question had seen the end of days on their 50 bird-killing permit, and had decided to seek an additional permit, this one from the Department of Agriculture. This allowed the “trapping for scientific research” of 20 additional birds. I had thought this meant they would just be quietly killed off sight, but I had not truly considered the terrifying options in depth.

Audubon pursued the issue with USDA and received back two responses weighed down by their own great respect for their own very high ethical standards. One was from the US Department of Agriculture National Wildlife Services Research Center (NWRC). The other was from the Washington DC and the head of the Ornothological Council who wanted to further defend the very respectable credentials of NWRC scientists. Apparently the very highest ethical standards were applied to the pointless but ethical capture, ethical interstate transport, ethical detention and ethical interference of our acorn woodpeckers. After which time they will be ethically euthanized, or, if they’re lucky, spared to participate in other highly ethical experiments for years to come.

[youtube:http://youtube.com/watch?v=BbgyppGqBgg]

The fate of a score of cheerful acorn woodpeckers from Rossmoor reads like this:

NWRC scientists, with the help of WS Operations field specialists, live-captured 20 acorn woodpeckers from the Rossmoor community in late May. Capture was delayed until after documented egg laying dates by acorn woodpeckers in this region. Care was also taken to not remove birds observed feeding young or sitting on eggs. The birds arrived at the NWRC in Fort Collins, Colorado, on May 27.

Care was taken not to remove birds observed feeding young or sitting on eggs.” Hey, I feel better already. I understand, science couldn’t possibly have waited until after nesting season was over, because that would have been after the May 31st permit period ran out and then those Rossmoor victims would be left alone with those vicious animals. Surely any ornithologist worth his Sibleys can tell two identical woodpeckers apart once they’ve moved off the nest to feed? Anyway, I’m sure in the midst of the complex nesting structure of polyandrous acorn woodpeckers where several females care for the young at once a highly ethical scientist would know instantly who was the mommy.  You didn’t say how they were actually trapped, but I’m sure you used ethical silk netting or painless blow dart sedatives or something like that. After their capture they won an all expense paid trip to Colorado! What lucky birds.

The birds will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of several deterrent calls for use in a nonlethal electronic deterrent device. The device is meant to prevent damage to utility poles and other structures. The birds are housed in both indoor and outdoor aviaries and are under the care of our Attending Veterinarian. Our research is conducted under strict scientific protocols and quality assurance standards. Results from this study, as well as others conducted by NWRC scientists, are published in peer-reviewed journals, usually within 1-2 years of a study’s completion.

Anyone feel like a biscuit? Not the stodgy kind mind you, I’m talking about the crisp horrific guantanamo acronymn Behavioral Science Consultation Team (BSCT) referring to the team of top military ethical physicians and ethical psychologists on hand to assist and guide the ethical interrogations. I know intimately how much controversy psychologists participating in these teams caused within the APA, so I can only imagine there are a few ornithologists out there that don’t feel cozy with the NWRC either. At any rate, we are told that supporters of these noble birds should be comforted by the fact that they will play an important role in key research. Like this study which has demonstrated that these electrical devices don’t work to deter pileated woodpeckers. It concludes that more research is needed, and any ethiclal scientist can tell you that in order to make sure the method is a complete failure in every way it must be painstakingly applied to all species of woodpecker.

 

Under provisions of our 2009 California Scientific Collecting Permit (#SCP-10561), we will euthanize the birds upon the completion of the study. Since these woodpeckers are housed in outdoor aviaries, we cannot ensure their isolation from other species or pathogens during the course of back into the wild is not allowed under our permit. If possible, we will use these birds in additional studies, thus alleviating capture of additional birds from the wild.

 

Of course the captured birds cannot be released into the wild after we finished tampering with them. They might carry pathogens from all the diseases they picked up during our ethical care. Never mind that we spent government money to fly them 1000 miles when we could have studied the woodpeckers in our own backyard. We cannot possibly return them to their native lands because Rossmoor doesn’t want them. Much better to just kill them, but look on the bright side, we might use them again before their deaths!

 

The Department of Agriculture has as little interest in (or respect for) wildlife as the older gentleman I watched this week trying to use his walking stick to club golden native trout while they spawned in an alpine stream. They both lack the pragmatic understanding of a sportsman, and are miles away from the complex inter-relations of a naturalist. When the man saw me watching in horror he explained “The damn things won’t bite!” Obviously failing to take the bait made them a prime candidate for clubbing. Through gritted teeth it was explained that the fish weren’t eating because they were busy making more fish for him to catch next year, and he grumbled off into the woods, deeply affronted at the inconvenience.

 

This is the USDA, whose first instinct is to destroy, and whose response to enforced inhibition of any kind is to grumble off into the woods and complain about the obstruction. They’ve shown equal sensitivity to beavers in Elk Grove, the woodpeckers in Rossmoor, the coyotes in Nevada, and waterfowl in Wisconsin. At their worst they are bullies and at their best they are ill-informed rhinoceroses trying to pick wildflowers. Take this example, where an APHIS coyote hunter, Gary Strader, was recently fired for reporting the illegal shooting of mountain lions by his buddies from a helicopter. Mind you, not fired for participating in the shooting, but fired for caring about it. These are the people taking care of those acorn woodpeckers.

 

Do I sound bitter?

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