Because the beaver isn't just an animal; it's an ecosystem!

Month: January 2011


Considering I talked to Nate from 3:50 to 4:00 and this was posted at 4:55 this is some pretty deft and graceful writing!

Wednesday, January 26, 2011

Dam Good News About Martinez Beavers

Environment Nate Seltenrich — Wed, Jan 26, 2011 at 4:55 PM

Beavers: Nature’s wunderkind. That’s the message likely to be heralded at the State of the Beaver conference, scheduled for February 2-4 — only a week after President Obama’s State of the Union address: coincidence? — in the hallowed halls of Seven Feathers Convention Center and Resort in Canyonville, Oregon. There, the story of the East Bay’s most famous beavers — those who took up residence in downtown Martinez’s Alhambra Creek in late 2006 and have since become the focus of much civic conversation and controversy — will be shared as an example of how the crafty rodents can play a critical role in reviving aquatic ecosystems.

Martinez’s Heidi Perryman, president and founder of local beaver advocacy group Worth a Dam, will deliver a 45-minute presentation titled, appropriately, “Can Urban Beavers Be Worth a Dam?” It will address, Perryman said, the extent to which Martinez’s beavers (and their Alhambra Creek dam) have created habitat for a variety of native species. Since the beavers moved in, she said, otter, mink, wood ducks, herons, and hooded mergansers (a small, fish-eating duck) have followed, taking advantage of the wetlands and slow-moving waters created by the beavers.

“All this new wildlife, because of habitat the beavers created,” Perryman said. “I’ll be talking about the ways beavers in an urban wetland can be restorative.” Beyond birds, beavers have been shown to also be beneficial to salmon by providing spawning habitat. Beavers have even been credited with fighting global warming: The wetlands they create through damming can be capable of significant carbon sequestration.

The downtown Martinez beaver population is currently comprised of a dad, a two-year-old juvenile, and three nine-month old babies, called kits. Mom was euthanized last June after suffering a life-threatening injury. But the beavers’ bigger family includes thousands of Martinez residents who’ve accepted the critters as their own. Perryman’s presentation at the State of the Beaver conference will throw some scientific weight behind that sentimental connection. “It’s a pretty exciting time to find all this research about how good beavers are,” she said. “Beavers are good for just about everything that you can think of.” Dam well said.

As proof of the article’s environment theme, a certain county recorder told me yesterday that he saw three otters and 6 wood duck around the secondary dam yesterday. Not bad for a Wednesday!


Otter at Beaver Dam - Photo: Cheryl Reynolds



UPDATE: Thanks Gary! and Nate!

Remember the story from Calgary where a pet owner was surprised to find a severed beaver head on the hiking trail?

It’s unfortunate that pet owners feel threatened when there are effective, proven solutions to beaver issues that avoid trapping and preserve valuable wetlands. Beavers are a keystone species and their dams make essential wetlands for other wildlife as well as recharging the water table and improving water quality. NOAA even advocates their significant role in restoring salmon populations.

Here are some resources for long term beaver management that don’t involve a severed head on the trail.

Beaver Solutions DVD
Living with beavers
Installing a Flexible Leveler

Any city smarter than a beaver can keep a beaver.

Heidi Perryman, Ph.D.
President & Founder
Worth A Dam
www.martinezbeavers.org/wordpress

Dear Ms. Perryman:

Thank you for providing me with a copy of your e-mail regarding beaver solutions that you sent to the Calgary Herald. I appreciate the opportunity to provide the following information.

There are many beavers that live in Alberta’s provincial parks. Beavers, however, are highly prolific animals that reproduce very successfully without any significant natural predator control. When beaver populations are not managed, beavers can have a serious impact on trails, roadways and destruction of large areas of vegetation, including trees, in the beavers’ constant search for food and building materials. Relocation of beavers is generally not feasible as this requires alternative, acceptable habitat that is currently free of beaver. Beavers can be territorial and may not be accepted by existing colonies.   

In many of our parks, including Fish Creek Provincial Park, trees are wired and water level flow devices are utilized as part of beaver management control activities. The Parks Division’s preferred approach is preventative; however, it is also recognized that other management actions may be necessary, if there is a real threat to public safety or facilities. Education, signs and enforcement are used to ensure safety of our park visitors. Beaver-damaged trees are also often removed, as they may jeopardize the safety of our park users.

I appreciate the links you provided and will review this information for further consideration in our beaver management program.

Sincerely,

Cindy Ady
Minister of Tourism, Parks and Recreation
21407

See we have to kill them because there’s a LOT and its really, really hard. Do you have any idea how hard? We put up signs and we build useless flow devices that can’t solve the problems. But you know we CARE because our minister of tourism is taking the time to write you back. Plan your vacation today!


Okay, yesterday I promised only good news and some new ideas about our beavers. We’re due. I have a couple thoughts based on recent observations. The first is on our smallest kit. Dubbed ‘Dainty’ by a local homeless man, this kit is often referred to as the runt or the female because of its diminutive size. Don’t worry, good things come in small packages. Observation has shown that this small kit is also the boldest. It was the first to go over the dam. It was the first to initiate ‘push’ matches with its siblings. It was the first to lose interest in the branches provided by Worth A Dam and go seek out its own.

Recently (the beaver formerly known as) ‘dainty’ has begun showing some remarkable dam instincts/training. When the first hard rain flooded the gap it was dainty who first noticed and went to investigate. In fact “investigating” is the behavior we most often see from her/him. The other day a square of flat plywood appeared at the dam and dainty was seen swimming around it, poking it, pawing it. Nothing escapes notice. When stalwart beaver supporter Jon went onto the dam recently to retrieve a trashy ice chest that had floated down stream his noises drew dainty out of the lodge. The kit swam in a zigzag across the pond and back and forth past the dam after he left making sure that everything was the way it was supposed to be. When ‘dainty’ comes out of the lodge upstream, she/he swims first to the area near the gap as if to check the dam. When the larger kits emerge they always go to the nearest corner of the dam to see if there’s anything good to eat.

I remembered that Hope Ryden in Lily Pond described in particular that father beaver was the first one out of the lodge every night and that he went straight to the dam and checked his handiwork to make sure no repairs were needed. That pattern certainly hasn’t been true for our patriarch, but he is often seen working on the dam in ways no other beaver attempts. We’ve seen him below the dam, plugging holes while the others work from above. We’ve seen dad ripping up hand fulls of tules by the roots and using them in an emergency. Dad has always seemed more focused on the dam than his family members. Which brings me to my new theory.

‘Dainty’ is a boy.

Which means, among other things, that he needs a new name! It is true that beavers are equal opportunity employers and that all beavers do all things, but there do seem to be patterns. When we see Dad it is most often during major dam work, and he’s always doing the most important thing. We’ve seen him following the kits and changing the placement of their sticks after they leave. Mom was the only beaver we ever saw carrying mud or sticks onto the lodge. There do seem to be slight preferences in gender roles and this little beaver seems very ready to learn Dad’s trade.


Two Year-old Beaver - Photo: Cheryl Reynolds


So if dainty –  manly – our smallest kit is a boy, it naturally leads to  a second theory I’ve been having about GQ, who seems to have stopped staying in the old lodge with Dad and is sleeping in a second lodge down stream near the footbridge often with 1-2 kits. I have heard and read that male yearlings shouldn’t be housed with adult males because they will fight.  It suggests that one reason GQ has stopped staying in the lodge mom built is because he’s a male and needs space away from Dad. It makes sense that he’d want his own territory, and I suppose the kits needing him has delayed his taking off on his own. Our littlest beaver seems to spend a lot of time with GQ, and often when you see one you see the other.

Although sunday night it definitely seemed like GQ came from the old lodge, which is where I always thought Dad was, which makes me think that either my theory is wrong or Dad is on walkabout.

Enough with my theories, here’s lovely fact for you. Ian Timothy’s episode IV and V of beaver Creek have one for 2011 Scholastic Regional Award and will go on for consideration in the national competition.  Congratulations Ian! We’re so proud! We always new you had it in you. My goodness, its hard work waiting for episode 6!


Table G. Animals Taken by Component/Method Type and Fate by Wildlife Services in California – FY 2009

Firearms: 382
Neck Snares: 372
Foot hold traps: 9
Spot light: 2
body gripping traps: 501
Cage traps: 16
Suitcase traps: 15

Total Beavers Killed by USDA in 2009: 1297

California used the USDA to kill about twice the average number of beavers in 2009. Go here to see the stats for yourself and substitute the “CA” in the address for  any abbreviation to get the stats for that particular state. This is about what I’d expect but more shooting of beavers than I would have thought. I wasn’t sure about “Spotlight” as a technique so I went and found this horrifically descriptive article.  It sounded at first like there might be some kind of disorienting effect from the light (which we haven’t seen) but it turns out it just helps with aim. Apparently it refers to identifying the lodge and shining a spotlight on the beavers when they come out so you can see more clearly how see to shoot them. I’ll spare you any more grisly details.

Leonard Houston, who is collaborating with SURCP and the Cow Creek Band of the Umpqua Indian Tribe to organize the beaver conference in Oregon next week (!) sends this email about beaver deaths and APHIS in Oregon. He graciously agreed to let me post it as a guest blog. Brace yourselves.

Although APHIS counts some 700 beavers dealt with annually per state, they also estimate that this is probably 50% or less than what are actually killed,  so we could double their number and add between 3000 to 5000 animals which are trapped for pelts and recreation in States supporting active populations and suddenly one years kill exceeds the beaver population of any given State.

Most States conservatively place their beaver populations between 30 and 60 thousand animals, these are the States with what is considered sustainable populations and are therefore not concerned by over-trapping or lethal management.  The president of the Oregon Trappers Association tells us that trappers across Oregon and especially the Willamette Valley have stopped trapping beavers due to rapid decline in population. He is more concerned with WHAT (not who) is killing our beavers – shrinking habitat, chemical contaminants from pesticides and herbicides and a negative perception of the animal all contribute greatly to population decline.

Any way I don’t mean to ramble just wanted to encourage you, this article hits the nail squarely on the HEAD.

Leonard and Lois Houston
Beaver Advocacy Committee
(541)825-3008
beavers@surcp.org
Thousands have lived without love,
Nothing lives without water.

I promise, only good news tomorrow. We saw GQ last night and I have three new theories about our beavers to share with you. Stay tuned!



Oh beautiful, for damless streams
For culverts flowing free.
For cotton wood and alder rights
Don’t let them eat a tree!
America, America!
Kills beavers by the score
30,000 fine in 2009
And this year they’ll be more.

 

 

 

Reader GTK sent me this today. It’s the USDA death stats by species for the entire country. The entry for beavers reads that 27,289 were killed in 39 states. For mammals, beaver deaths trail only Coyotes and feral pigs. Can you believe that? Only a Coyote or wild pig is less popular than a beaver! 700 beavers in each state, about 100 colonies, less in some and lots more in others. And mind you, this doesn’t count local trappers when land owners  can’t be bothered to bring in the feds or grandpa goes out with a shot gun.

If Martinez had killed our beavers by hiring a trapper that statistic wouldn’t even  be part of the 27,289. After following beaver death stories for four years I would say that USDA is involved in less the 1 out of every ten cases I read, and there are probably five cases for everyone that makes it into the paper. That means its not a stretch to guess that the US kills more than a half million beavers a year. And this happens routinely in states with droughts and salmon shortages and wildlife loses and erosion problems and states without adequate wetlands.

There are 11 states that didn’t use USDA to kill beavers in 2009. Some of them are probably just flukes. Hawaii has no beavers and doesn’t really count. For some of them like Alaska and Montana we have to assume they just killed them themselves and didn’t bother USDA. With others, like Vermont and New Hampshire, we can guess our friend Skip Lisle had something to do with it.  I’m not sure I have any hypotheses about West Virginia but I’d be very interested in yours. Mostly it just means that beaver advocates have a LOT of work to do in the coming years.

I just want to say one more thing about this chart. Over the years I’ve given USDA a fairly hard time, what with the beavers and the acorn woodpeckers and the bird shooting on Christmas near the airport. I have come to realize, in my learning curve of beaver advocacy, that there are truly good wildlife-loving souls working for large beaver-killing agencies and that you shouldn’t judge a book by its cover. I try to give USDA the benefit of the doubt, and not act stunned that the trapping of 27.289 beavers is considered ‘euthanization’.  (Were they all in pain?) But LOOK at the fourth column in this chart. “Relocated/Destroyed.”

I don’t know about you, but where I come from those two concepts are really, really different. (Although I guess if the federal government doesn’t recognize the distinction it might help explain the FEMA response to Katrina victims).

Come to think of it, I changed my mind. There is absolutely nothing redeeming about the USDA. I can’t spend 5 minutes on their website without getting physically sick to my stomach. I just stumbled upon the regulations for pain levels in experimental animals (not counting mice and birds mind you) and was completely horrified.

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