Because the beaver isn't just an animal; it's an ecosystem!

Month: June 2009


At last night’s JMA board meeting I saw this entreaty penned with earnest flourish in an original letter by John Muir to a book seller in Texas. He was writing to ask for support against the infamous Hetch Hetchy Dam, a battle that Muir ultimately lost. Apparently this closing remark, “Help us if you can”, was a common request in his persuasive letters to friends and potential friends, alike.

These temple destroyers, devotees of ravaging commercialism, seem to have a perfect contempt for Nature, and, instead of lifting their eyes to the God of the mountains, lift them to the Almighty Dollar.Dam Hetch Hetchy! As well dam for water-tanks the people’s cathedrals and churches, for no holier temple has ever been consecrated by the heart of man.

Source: John Muir, The Yosemite (New York: Century, 1912), 255–257, 260–262. Reprinted in Roderick Nash, The American Environment: Readings in The History of Conservation (Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1968).

I was able to see this because last night curator Steve Pauly brought portions of the William and Mayme Kimes Collection, which the John Muir Association purchased ten years ago from these avid collectors and mountaineers. It contains (among other things) every edition of Muir’s books, signed and inscribed volumes, and much of Muir’s personal library. The idea is to eventually have this collection displayed at a visitor’s center at the Muir site, and to make it available for ongoing research into this important American voice.

One set of items in current discussion was Muir’s complete Shakespeare collection. Barbara Mossberg is a founding dean in in the college of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences at Cal State Monterey Bay. She is interested in how other writers, such as Shakespeare, Emerson, and Thoreau shaped Muir’s thinking and writing at the time. She wants access to the collection to analyze and understand Muir’s pertinent, delicate notes which he penciled into volumes along with underlines and favorite quotations. She believes this could help us understand how seminal writers influenced his work. The question before the board is how to safely allow that access so that Muir’s work can be better understood, and still preserved.

The Shakespeare collection was one of those J.M. Dent-looking pocket libraries with the complete volumes enclosed in two boxes. He pulled Henry V from its place and read Muir’s notes from the back, a reference to the speech “Once more into the breech dear friends”  and my fingers literally itched to see what else Muir might have jotted down, oh say in the Hamlet volume. It was wonderful to be so close to the thinking of a man whose vision continues to give us so much.

As the collection was carefully packed away and Mr. Pauly concluded his presentation, I considered Muir’s epic advocacy. One thing I am learning in my time on the board, is that my romantic notion of him as this beloved farther of our National Parks is missing a hugely salient point.  He was the original “endless pressure, endlessly applied”. Muir was an advocate, a burr, a voice raised and written in fire, a prod, a nudge, a handshake and a branding iron for all those developers who wanted to carve up the land for profit, and all those bad scientists who wanted to keep saying things that weren’t true just because they had been taught them in school.

(In short, Muir was much, much, much more trouble than a woman trying to save beavers.)

The recognition pleases me enormously. I was afraid I was too outspoken to be accepted among the well respected John Muir Association, but it turns out I only barely qualify.


The plans for an exciting new beaver festival this summer just got a lot more tangible. This week I turned in the Talmud-length application for a special event using the downtown park. When I say that the paperwork was 19 pages, you will think surely I exaggerate, but it takes a committed and self-employed civic person to host an event in our fine city. (For comparison, the application for special event in San Francisco is 18 pages less.)

With the application in, the insurance purchased, the restrooms booked, the vendors invited and the park paid for, we can focus our attention on getting your attention. Save the date! August 1st, 2009 from 12:30 to 6:30. So far we have arranged the Alhambra Valley Band, (which is composing a special beaver song!) and the Muir Station Jazz Band, and are looking for a middle group. Anyone have a great Mariachi contact? We also want a bag piper to play and mark the return of beavers to Scotland after 400 years.

So far our line-up of vendors and activities looks prodigious. I’ll keep you posted as the numbers grow, but we’re planning to do individual tiles for the children’s art project, so that they can be fired and added eventually to a “children of Martinez beaver wall”….

The perfect adornment for one of the dull cement bridges. We already have the tiles, the glaze, the training and the firing paid for, just need to work on the city permission part. I’m thinking after each child’s art tile is completed, they can sit down and jot a quick note to the mayor.

Repeat as necessary. Whadya think, too much?


The New York Times Lead story in the Science Section was a series of NIMBY beaver tales. I like to think the Grey Lady slapped the Grey Owl soundly in the face yesterday and invited him into the parking lot for a bit of fist-to-cuffs. Apparently, 30 minutes away from Mike Callahan’s business in Massachusetts, (you know the one cryptically named “Beaver Solutions“) city engineers are beside themselves wondering what to do about the terrible, horrible, no good, very bad, beaver problem.

CONCORD, Mass. — The dozens of public works officials, municipal engineers, conservation agents and others who crowded into a meeting room here one recent morning needed help. Property in their towns was flooding, they said. Culverts were clogged. Septic tanks were being overwhelmed.“We have a huge problem,” said David Pavlik, an engineer for the town of Lexington, where dams built by beavers have sent water flooding into the town’s sanitary sewers. “We trapped them,” he said. “We breached their dam. Nothing works. We are looking for long-term solutions.”

Ahhh not just “Beaver solutions”…”Beaver Final Solutions”.  Hmmm I wonder what that might be. Apparently near extermination wasn’t long termy enough. And I assume you wouldn’t suggest moving all the housing and roads into the desert. What else could possibly be a solution that works forever? How about a commitment to solve problems creatively when they arise, to restrict beavers from places you don’t want them to be, and a plan to manage their behavior so that you can tolerate them in other places? How about you stop blowing up dams and thinking its going to change their behavior?

It hasn’t changed YOURS, its unlikely to change THEIRS.

Around the nation, decades of environmental regulation, conservation efforts and changing land use have brought many species, like beavers, so far back from the brink that they are viewed as nuisances. As Stuart Pimm, a conservation ecologist at Duke University, put it, “We are finding they are inconvenient.”

Oh my God, No. Say it isn’t so. Not INCONVENIENT!!!!!!! The precious sacrament convenience of man is one of the seven golden benefits of walking upright, right after having our hands free and getting to have more sex than we have offspring. Don’t tell me its being threatened by the monogamous reproduction of an animal we nearly wiped off the planet 200 years ago. At long last beavers, have you no decency?

Today, Ms. Hajduk said, there are at least 30,000 beavers, all over the state.

Wow, that’s a lot. Maybe this whole environmental movement has gone too far. We obviously brought them back too much. How many did their used to be? 29,000? Oh wait, remember those historical trapping records that showed 60 to 80 beaver per mile of stream? I wonder how many miles of stream Massachusetts has. (Gosh the internet is useful. 4320 miles of stream in the commonwealth of Massachusetts.) Lets just multiply that by the low number of 60…how many beavers would we expect if we were back to that baseline? I mean if we had done an even adequate job of “bringing them back” 259,200. Let’s be generous and just round down to 200,000.

Uh oh. By the most conservative possible calculations, Massachusetts is short 170,000 beavers!

By 8 am yesterday morning I had received this article from three people. By nine I had written the author. And by ten had received an answer back. By 11, ten people had suggested I read it. The sad thing is that this slanderous bit of whining-from-people-who-should-know-better will have also been sent to every member of the city staff and council. Look, they’ll say! It’s in the NY Times! Beavers are harassing other cities not just ours! They’ll pat each other sympathetically on the back and say, I knew they weren’t worth a dam!

Never mind that the Ms Hajduk of the article will be presenting on beavers as PESTS at the next Urban Wildlife Conference in Massachusetts organized by John Hadidian of HSUS. John is a long time friend of the Martinez Beavers, and one speaker he just asked aboard is our own friend Mike Callahan who will be talking about flow devices, which we all know Fish & Game likes to say don’t work (except when they do). The conference is later this month and don’t you wish you could be there?

The article closes with mention of the good beavers can do in the habitat. Which is by far the best part, and the part the author anxiously pointed to when she wrote back.

As she and Dr. Griffin neared the pond, a group of wood ducks, alarmed by their approach, went squawking into the air. It was good to see them, Dr. Griffin said — they are among the species favored by hunters that the state is trying to encourage. She pointed to an osprey sitting on a dead tree. Ospreys were almost wiped out by DDT but are now back in Massachusetts, and this one was taking advantage of beaver-created habitat. Just then, a great blue heron glided to a landing in the pond, another guest of the beavers.

Impoundments like this one absorb water, especially in the spring, when streams swell with rain and snow runoff, Dr. Griffin said. And when the impoundment eventually silts up and the beavers move on, their dam will decay and the pond will drain, leaving unusually rich soil behind.

“These beaver meadows stand out like rich little oases,” Ms. Hajduk said.

Dr. Griffin said she and her colleagues emphasized these advantages in urging people to adopt “tolerance and coexistence as a first line of defense.”

Remember, no matter how much good they do, Massachusetts is still missing 170,000 beavers, so its a drop in the bucket.


I hope by now patient readers are getting a good sense of the connectedness of all things: how reintroducing wolves in yellowstone can improve forestation on the lower wetlands, or alligators nesting can make mud pools for ibis. Well here’s a great story from the Goat Blog of High Country News by Terray Sylvester of a particular researcher interested in the shrinking habitat of Sweetgale and its relationship to the decreasing salmon population.

Greg Hood is a researcher in western Washington who knows a few things about salmon habitat — a few surprising things. When Hood talks about preserving threatened populations, he doesn’t mention in-stream flows, fish ladders or water temperatures. Instead, he brings up a mostly-vanished ecosystem than once lined significant portions of the Puget Sound. It was composed of a shrub named sweetgale, tidal marshes and… beaver ponds near the seashore. That’s right, some beavers stake out seaside territory, and according to Hood, their ponds make excellent homes for juvenile salmon. Problem is, most of that tidal habitat has been destroyed over the last century or so. So little of it remains today that he thinks most people have forgotten — or have just never realized – how important the beaver ponds once were to the endangered Puget Sound Chinook.

Sweetgale (bayberry, dutch myrtle, chevalier) is a low growing, willow-resembling, and fragrant marsh cover that used to grow all over the salty creeks near the sea side. In older days they used the branches as a replacement for hops in Yorkshire, and Gale Beer is supposedly very thirst quenching. In addition to its intoxicating properties, it also attracts many insects which in turn attract greedy fish and its blue grey leaves give the fish more cover because they can hang around in deeper pools and not get snapped by equally avaricious heron. And who makes those deper pools?  – wait for it – beavers who tolerate salty water.

Apparently as salty as 10 parts per thousand (salt water is 35 parts per thousand). How salty is Alhambra creek? (We just spent the last hour looking up the salinity of Carquinez Strait, which now is reported in Practical Salinity Units PSU and not PPT…an exciting “sea” change that happened in the 1978 and is based on the conductivity of the salt rather than the weight, which is interesting but hardly the point. The internet can be very distracting.) Back to our story. So the testing for our section of bay ranges between 0-2 PPU depending on the time of year and depth of the water test, which means that we are sayyy under 10 PPT.

Which is why our beavers can go all the way down to the train tracks and grangers wharf and out to the straight and be okay. Dispersers can go down stream to crocket or Richmond and set up shop without difficulty. And which is why, if you love salmon and you want our schools to improve so that we can have a salmon season again next year. you had better make friends with some beavers.

Now whose going to break the good news to Scotland?


This lovely photograph was kindly shared by photographer Bob Armstrong and appears in his remarkable book “The beavers of Mendenhall Glacier“. He and his colleague, Mary Willson, spent a summer waking up at 4 in the morning to be there at first light and catch these glorious images. You remember that he was involved in the heroic citizen effort to manage destructive beaver behavior without killing in Juneau, Alaska. I tracked down Bob and put him in touch with Mike Callahan of Beaver Solutions, who will be heading out there this fall to help with a comprehensive beaver management plan.

While I was devouring Bob’s detailed descriptions and lovely photos, I came across this shot of a newly started beaver dam facing the breathtaking Mendenhall glacier. I was prepared to beg, purchase, plead and cajole for access to this lovely image, but Bob kindly volunteered and promised to send me a hard copy as well. One of the nicest things about the book, (besides its advice about photographing beavers, its keen awareness of their habits, and an amazing tailslap shot that has our own Cheryl Reynolds green with envy),  is its photographic documentation of varietal feeding in beavers. He offers images of them eating pondweed and horsetail, and its great to see the complexity of the beaver diet.

After you consider the beauty of this photo (and get off the phone with your travel agent) you might enjoy this video I made after our helicopter glacier trip two years ago. (mybluehouse is my nonbeaver-youtube account…) At the time it inspired me to think that in traveling home from Juneau to Martinez I was retracing the steps of John Muir!

[youtube:http://youtube.com/watch?v=0v28YCLlJgA]

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